What's Wrong With This Picture? Improve Your Mountain Photographs

Why is it so difficult to capture mountain imagesTo remedy this, we need to include an object of
like the ones we see in those lavishly-producedknown size, your walking partner for instance, to
coffee table books? Is it just down to equipment,impart scale - lack of foreground interest also
or is the photographer simply better at it than wemakes pictures look boring, so try to include
are? Was he just lucky with the weather thatsomething like a cairn, a tarn, an interesting bit of
day? And if so, why am I never that lucky? Well,rock, anything which will improve the composition.
luck does come into it, having the right equipmentOne trick landscape photographers use is to angle
is a necessity, and if the weather's not right,the camera downwards, to avoid the inclusion of
there's not a lot you can do about it, but youtoo much empty sky, and to fill the frame with
don't have to be a John Cleare or Colin Prior tomore of the foreground. Of course, the sky is
produce fantastic mountain images that willoften an interesting feature in its own right, and a
capture the essence of your perfect day in thedramatic cloud formation can often rescue an
hills.otherwise mediocre scene.
Mountains are by nature photogenic, but it is notThe primary consideration affecting the quality of
always easy to capture their scenic grandeur in aany photograph is lighting, even more so when
photograph. Serious professional photographersshooting landscapes. The lighting on a particular
have to use very expensive, large-formatscene can change dramatically depending on
equipment to produce the image quality requiredseveral factors - the weather, time of day,
for reproduction in a printed book or magazine,season of the year, and location of the scene.
but for non-professional purposes, a decentGenerally speaking, lighting for mountain
35mm SLR camera, preferably with a wide anglephotography is better early or late in the day, and
lens, will produce highly acceptable results.from autumn through to spring, when the sun is
I use a Sigma 12-24mm wide-angle zoom lens onlow in the sky, producing side-lighting which
a Nikon D2X, usually at its wider settings, or aemphasises the shape of the mountain. During the
Tokina 20-35mm. Wide angle lenses aremiddle of the day, and particularly in summer, the
necessary to include the large physical areasun tends to be very overhead, and produces
occupied by mountain scenes, and impart a senselighting which flattens the contours of the
of scale and space. It is a good idea to includelandscape.
some foreground detail like figures or buildings toSunlight on a crisp winters day, with snow on the
emphasise the scale of the scene.peaks, often produces the most satisfying results
But owning the latest Canon or Nikon 35mm will- the air is cold and clear, intensifying the blue of
not turn you into Ansel Adams overnight. Askthe sky, and definition of the landscape is at its
any photographer what is the most importantmost pronounced. In summer, heat produces a
element in the picture-taking process, and he willdust and photochemical haze in the atmosphere,
reply - the person behind the camera. Thereducing definition, and causing the sky to appear
camera should become an extension of your eye,grey and colourless, even in bright sunshine.
allowing you to frame the image in the viewfinderIt is also important to remember that the light
the way you see the scene in your mind's eye.moves around the points of the compass from
This is where viewpoint, composition, and lightingdawn to dusk, rising in the east, passing through
enter the equation., and although the bestsouth in the middle of the day, and setting in the
photographers do this instinctively, there are basicwest. Light illuminates different facets of a
principles which you can adopt, and apply to yourmountain at differing times of day, so that an
picture-taking, which will dramatically improve youreast-facing mountain will receive light in the
photography.morning, west-facing will be lit in the afternoon,
Viewpoint is the first consideration - most placesand south-facing will receive light all day. Often a
and objects, whether they are mountains,shot from a desired viewpoint must be timed to
buildings, people, or your prize begonias, have ansuit the timing when the light will be at its most
optimum viewpoint, from which angle they areadvantageous - side-lighting generally yields better
shown to best effect. With large objects likeresults than flat over-the-shoulder lighting.
mountains, there will be several viewpoints fromFinally, don't leave the camera behind because the
which interesting and often dramatic images canweather is bad - often the best results occur
be captured. These viewpoints are often wellwhen the light suddenly breaks through clouds
known, and books like The Welsh Peaks and theafter rain, glinting off wet rock. This is where the
Lakeland Peaks by W.A. Poucher contain specificluck comes in - all the planning in the world won't
information about the best viewpoints forhelp if the weather isn't being co-operative, but
mountain photographs in these areas. There isany serious photographer will be ready for that
also every chance that your normal walkingsingle moment when the light miraculously appears
routes will pass several striking viewpoints duringbefore the gloom descends once more - if your
the day.camera is permanently buried at the bottom of
Having selected your viewpoint, you need toyour rucksack under the first-aid kit and the
compose the image in the camera, a processemergency fruit cake, and you only bother to dig
known as 'framing'. Although images are oftenit out to record that summit moment, then you're
cropped prior to publication, the photographerprobably going to miss a multitude of mountain
usually composes the image in the viewfinder, andphoto opportunities. So keep the camera
there are some handy devices employed by topaccessible - that way, if the perfect panoramic
photographers to improve the composition oflandscape does appear during your day out, you'll
their images. A common failing of the pictures webe able to record it - and even if every image on
bring back from our day in the hills is that theythe film isn't an award-winning spectacular,
seem empty and flat, when at the time we werephotographs are a great way of recording your
surrounded by soaring peaks and dramatic views.walks.